The PGIMER owes its inception to the vision of late Sardar Partap Singh Kairon, the then Chief Minister of Punjab and the distinguished medical educationists of the then combined state of Punjab, supported by the first Prime Minister of India Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru who considered the institutions of scientific knowledge as temples of learning and the places of pilgrimage. The institute started in 1962 and Pt Jawahar Lal Nehru inaugurated the hospital now named “Nehru Hospital” on 7th July 1963.

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The U.S. Embassy in New Delhi is one of the largest U.S. diplomatic missions in the world, a reflection of the importance the United States places on its relationship with India. The Embassy represents 17 U.S. federal government agencies, from the U.S. Department of State to the Federal Aviation Administration.  The Embassy coordinates the activities of four consulates -- in Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and Hyderabad - ensuring that the U.S.-India relationship is strong throughout the country. The Embassy also maintains a Virtual Consulate through its web site serving residents of Bangalore.

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The National Centre for Molecular Materials Research (NCMMR), Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala) has been established by the Government of India as a specialized centre of excellence to promote the growth of R&D in, and exploit the application-potential of, Molecular Materials in the country. It is envisaged that NCMMR will become an internationally recognized centre of excellence in the design and development of novel functional molecular materials with a capacity to integrate the novel materials into devices and seed the development of high technology industry.

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Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, popularly known as GITAM was founded in 1980 by an inspired group of eminent intellectuals and industrialists of Andhra Pradesh led by Dr. M.V.V.S.Murthi, Former Member of Parliament and popular philanthropist. Their mission was to set up a world-class technology and management institution in the picturesque city of Visakhapatnam to impart futuristic and comprehensive professional education of global standards with a high sense of discipline and social relevance in a serene and invigorating environment.

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We are an established Pharmaceutical Company having a committed team of 825 professionals across the country. Having created a position for ourselves among Top 35 Pharmaceutical Companies prescription wise, we are further strengthening our presence in potential specialty areas -Cardiovascular and Anti-Diabetic Segments. For our expansion programme we require:

Post: Zonal Sales Manager, Regional Sales Manager

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Prof. P.Murugesan founded RICST(Ram Institute of Computer Science & Technology) in 1985, way ahead of the IT-wave of the 90's. This pioneering effort in the agricultural district of Thanjavur gained quick recognition by its affiliation to the Bharathidasan University in 1989 for PGDCA course.
This led to the establishment of Ponnaiyah Ramajayam College in 1994. Since it is Managed by an academician, its PHILOSOPHY along with its derivatives - VISION, MISSION and GOAL - were predetermined under the umbrella of QUALITY and DISCIPLINE. Rest is HISTORY.

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About Author:
Mr. Ripal Mistry
M.pharm
Indubhai Patel College Of Pharmacy & Research Center, Dharmaj
rx.ripalmistry@gmail.com

Abstract:
Colon-targeted delivery of drugs has recently gained importance in addressing specific needs in the therapy of colon based diseases. Many techniques have been tried for the development of colon targeted drug delivery systems. The colon is a site where both local and systemic delivery of drugs can take place. Local delivery allows topical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. However, treatment can be made effective if the drugs can be targeted directly into the colon, thereby reducing the systemic side effects. This review, mainly compares the primary approaches for CDDS (Colon Specific Drug Delivery) namely prodrugs, pH and time dependent systems, and microbially triggered systems, which achieved limited success and had limitations as compared with newer CDDS namely pressure controlled colonic delivery capsules, CODESTM, and osmotic controlled drug delivery which are unique in terms of achieving in vivo site specificity, and feasibility of manufacturing process.

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About Authors:
¹M Prasad Naidu, ²Dr Madhu Sudan Reddy, ³T Madhu Chaithanya, ⁴N Mallikarjun Rao
¹(Medical Biochemistry) NMCH, Nellore, AP, India.
²(MD Pharmacolgy) NMCH, Nellore, AP, India.
³(Medical Pharmacology) MIMS, Vijayanagaram, AP, India.
⁴(MSc Botany). Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, AP, India.
*www.prasadnaidu.com@gmail.com

Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)
An important technique for the separation of proteins is based on the migration of charged proteins in an electric field, a process called electrophoresis. These procedures are not generally used to purify proteins in large amounts, because simpler alternatives are usually available and electrophoretic methods often adversely affect the structure and thus the function of proteins. Electrophoresis is, however, especially useful as an analytical method. Its advantage is that proteins can be visualized as well as separated, permitting a researcher to estimate quickly the number of different proteins in a mixture or the degree of purity of a particular protein preparation. Also, electrophoresis allows determination of crucial properties of a protein such as its isoelectric point and approximate molecular weight. The polyacrylamide gel acts as a molecular sieve, slowing the migration of proteins approximately in proportion to their charge-to-mass ratio. Migration may also be affected by protein shape. In electrophoresis, the force moving the macromolecule is the electrical potential, E. The electrophoretic mobility of the molecule, µ, is the ratio of the velocity of the particle molecule, V, to the electrical potential. Electrophoretic mobility is also equal to the net charge of the molecule, Z, divided by the frictional coefficient, f, which reflects in part a protein’s shape.

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